How to Enforce Venezuelan Commercial Judgments in Duval County, Texas

If you've won a case in Venezuela—whether involving energy, agriculture, manufacturing, or international business—the real battle may just be beginning: enforcement. A Venezuelan judgment is only as powerful as your ability to collect on it. That means transforming a foreign court decision into an enforceable, collectible asset in Texas.

At our firm, we specialize in precisely that: converting your hard-won Venezuelan judgment into a Texas court order—legally binding and enforceable. This article outlines how to do it, what language your Venezuelan judgment must include, and the strategic options available for execution.

🔏 Required Language in Venezuelan Judgments for Texas Enforcement

To enforce a foreign-country judgment in Duval County, Texas, including those from Venezuela, the judgment must satisfy specific formal requirements. These include:

• ✅ Identification of all parties (Plaintiff/Defendant)
• ✅ The amount awarded or relief granted
• ✅ Clear indication that the judgment is final, conclusive, and enforceable in Venezuela
• ✅ Statement that it was issued by a court of competent jurisdiction (jurisdictional basis)
• ✅ Signature and date from a judicial officer and an official court seal or certificate
• ✅ Statement that either all appeals are exhausted or that the time to appeal has expired

💡 Tip: Venezuelan civil-procedure language and formats may not mirror Texas expectations. A judgment must either contain or be supplemented with certifications/affidavits to satisfy Texas legal thresholds under the Texas Uniform Foreign Country Money-Judgment Recognition Act (Chapter 36A). Texas courts may also require proof that the Venezuelan system afforded impartial tribunals and due process.

🌐 Apostillization & Translation: Making a Venezuelan Judgment U.S.-Ready

Venezuela has participated in the Hague Apostille Convention since 1999. Judgments must be apostilled by a competent Venezuelan authority and then filed in Texas with a certified English translation. Untranslated documents will be rejected by Texas courts.

🖥️ Step-by-Step: Apostilling a Judgment in Venezuela

• Present the certified Venezuelan judgment to the competent apostille authority (typically the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or a designated state office)
• The authority verifies the origin and authority of the issuing judicial officer
• They issue the apostille certificate—a stamp or attached page certifying authenticity

Visit the Online Portal

Consult apostille instructions via Venezuela’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs: https://mppre.gob.ve/

Upload the Document

• Follow the portal’s file format instructions
• Observe any file size limits and digital signature requirements
• Include digital signatures if applicable

Enter Document Details

• Type of document
• Issuing entity (e.g., court or notary office)
• Contact details (email required for delivery)

Pay the Apostille Fee

• Fees and payment methods set by the competent authority
• Payment typically available online or at designated offices

Receive the Apostille

• Processing times vary by office
• Delivery may be digital (PDF) or in person, depending on the authority

📍 In-Person Assistance

Assistance is available through Ministry service centers and regional offices for help with access, appointments, or document preparation.

🗣 Language Note: All documents are in Spanish, but to be filed in Texas courts, they must be accompanied by a certified English translation.

⚖️ Turning a Venezuelan Judgment into a Texas Judgment

Once properly authenticated and translated, you have two legal paths:

✔️ 1. Recognition under the Texas UFCMJRA (Chapter 36A)

Under the Texas Uniform Foreign Country Money-Judgment Recognition Act:

• File the authenticated judgment and an affidavit identifying the parties and last known addresses
• Pay filing fees
• Serve the debtor with legal notice
• File proof of service
• Your Venezuelan judgment is recognized and treated as a Texas judgment with full enforcement power (liens, garnishments, writs of execution)

✔️ 2. File a Lawsuit on the Judgment

This approach is used in complex cases—fraud, jurisdictional disputes, due process or public policy concerns. Though slower, it offers more discovery and litigation tools.

📌 Important: Debtors cannot re-litigate the case on the merits. They may only object based on:

• Lack of jurisdiction
• Fraud
• Violation of public policy or due process

These are narrow grounds and rarely succeed. Money judgments (not taxes, fines, or family-law orders) are eligible for Chapter 36A recognition.

⏰ Time Limits You Must Know

• Domestication: Must occur within the earlier of 10 years from the Venezuelan judgment's issuance or the expiration of its enforceable period under Venezuelan law
• Enforcement: Once domesticated, enforceable in Texas for 10 years, renewable as needed

💼 What We Do (So You Don't Have To)

Our firm provides a turnkey enforcement solution:

• Validate and analyze your Venezuelan judgment for Texas compliance
• Coordinate apostille in Venezuela and obtain certified English translations
• Prepare affidavits and filings under Chapter 36A; manage service and proofs
• Track debtor assets in Texas and pursue liens, garnishments, and property seizure
• Litigate defenses, handle due-process challenges, and negotiate settlements
• Advise on parallel/reciprocal strategies if collection in Venezuela is contemplated

Get Legal Help in Duval County, Texas

Our experienced business debt collection attorneys can help you navigate the complex landscape of Texas debt collection laws and develop effective strategies to recover what you're owed. Our foreign judgment domestication expertise with commercial debt collection creates comprehensive solutions for international judgment enforcement.

For personalized legal advice about Judgment Enforcement in Duval County, Texas, contact us at:

• 📞 Phone: (281) 348-6723
• 📧 Email: busbytexas@gmail.com
• 📍 Address: 715 E. Whitney, Houston, TX 77008
• 🌐 Get Started Today